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Winchester 1894 that doesn't "letter"
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January 17, 2025 - 3:13 pm
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Henry Mero said
Don ; I like Your gun , even with the excuses. I don’t take the information on “factory letters” as gospel, I have a few guns that don’t match the letter to a tee. This hasn’t worried Me to much knowing the gun is correct and the letter is in error, and I’m not saying that is the case with Your gun, and I would want to have it “in My hands” before I would offer an opinion, but some times the “letter” errors are just plain obvious. There are several mis calibre stamps documented. Yes it’s always nice when everything matches up to the “factory letter”, but sometimes a person has to use Their own “hands on” experience to make a judgement call. Here’s a couple examples: ser#335378, no mention of Pistol grip or s.g.b. or rubber b.p.. Ser# 137206 again no mention of the pistol grip, but it does mention the rubber plate. I have some other models with similar omissions  or conflicting information, one 1876 deluxe in particular with several dicrepancies, gun to letter, that I’m still trying to cypher the ledger entry. I have a few similar but not in that exact configuration, 1/2 o.b., r.b., s.g.b. , etc. with a plain stock and 1/2 mag. I typically pay in the $5,000.00 – $6,000.00  Cdn. unfortunatly that would translate in the $3500.00 to $4500.00  U.S. It would cost a few bucks to replace the lettered sights on You gun though, which I would endevor to do, if it were Mine. Let Me know if and when You’re going to part with it.    20250117_092433.jpgImage Enlarger20250117_092444.jpgImage Enlarger20250117_092524.jpgImage Enlarger20250117_092532.jpgImage Enlarger   My humble opinion only.  

You Have To, HAVE TO view the letter as gospel, even if you don’t think it’s right.  And even, with logical explanation, it’s forever an “excuses” firearm.

Best save the interpretation for those that don’t have letters on them.  In those cases, valid explanations either make sense—or they don’t.

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January 17, 2025 - 3:27 pm
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I would be happy to own that rifle in its present state, and would lose no sleep about the discrepancy between the rifle and the letter, as the R&R gives a very plausible explanation.  Others here hold differing opinions, but there are many other collectors (like me) who would be happy to own that rifle.

BRP

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January 17, 2025 - 3:31 pm
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Blue Ridge Parson said
I would be happy to own that rifle in its present state, and would lose no sleep about the discrepancy between the rifle and the letter, as the R&R gives a very plausible explanation.  Others here hold differing opinions, but there are many other collectors (like me) who would be happy to own that rifle.

BRP

I would be happy to own it, too, but can’t have invested in it what one that letters properly.

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January 17, 2025 - 5:00 pm
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tionesta1 said
Don,

That is one beautiful model 1894 and I would be proud to own it. In the first and second picture of the barrel underside markings, I see SN with 27 below that.  Does this have anything to do with the serial number of the receiver beings the serial number starts with 27?

Al

  

Hi Al,

You might be onto something here.  Initially, I only noticed the “2” but did not know what it meant.  I assumed the “NS” referred to nickel steel.  But could it actually be “SN 27…” and cannot see the last 3 numbers of the serial number or were obliterated in the final fitting process??  Might need to remove the forearm again for another looksie.

Don

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January 17, 2025 - 5:14 pm
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Henry Mero said
It would cost a few bucks to replace the lettered sights on You gun though, which I would endevor to do, if it were Mine.

  

Hi Henry,

Thanks for sharing your rifles in the same mysterious category as mine.  All beautiful rifles in their own right.  I imagine hunting down the lettered sights (mid-range and wind guage) would be quite an endeavor since I’ve never seen them on a model 1894.  What exactly would I be looking for and how would they be coded?  Anyone on this forum have what I should be looking for?  I would definitely be a buyer if willing to sell.

Don

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January 17, 2025 - 5:22 pm
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Blue Ridge Parson said
I would be happy to own that rifle in its present state, and would lose no sleep about the discrepancy between the rifle and the letter, as the R&R gives a very plausible explanation.  Others here hold differing opinions, but there are many other collectors (like me) who would be happy to own that rifle.

BRP

  

Thanks BRP.  I agree this is a very nice rifle and am happy to own it, but it sure would be something (and quite rare) if it remained in its original lettered configuration chambered in 25-35 with the mid-range and wind gauge sights!!  That would surely shift it higher to the favorite category in my collection.

Don

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January 17, 2025 - 8:24 pm
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Bert H. said
Don,

I have not ever (yet) encountered an early production Model 1894 with a barrel marked “94” on the underside.  The other stamped markings you mention could easily be replicated. 

The fact that it does not have a caliber marking on the underside of the barrel and no markings to indicate it was an R&R replacement barrel, there are simply too many red flags for me to ever be comfortable describing it as an authentic Winchester Model 1894 rifle.  If is forever destined to be an “excuse” rifle.

Bert

  

Regarding the “94” stamped on the underside of barrels, they are there for as many Ive gone back to reference. 

Regarding the lack of a caliber stamp, it appears prevalent for the 30WCF to not include a caliber stamp on the barrel, but calibers other than 30 WCF are indeed stamped on the underside of the barrel.  Maybe others can confirm on their 30WCF rifles/carbines.

Here are a couple of photos of 30 WCF rifles that lack the caliber stamp. 

The question I have is the “27” or “24” on the OP barrel.  You do see numbers stamped on that portion of the barrel, but they are usually a single digit and commonly rotated 180 degrees. 

I, as others, have had guns that were 100% right but one little piece was recorded wrong or didnt match.  The OP rifle has an R&R recorded, doesnt necessarily mean IMHO it has to have something denoting the R&R change order on the barrel–Ive never seen that unless it was a change by JJP.  But yes, we have seen rifles/carbines with several sets of assembly numbers on the Tang or buttstock, etc., potentially confirming R&R work was done, and confirmed by the letter.  Not saying these are hard and fast statements, just an observation. 

 

M94-155239g.JPGImage EnlargerM94-171433-a.JPGImage Enlarger

 

 

Regardless, the rifle is a great looking firearm.  Was the barrel changed out under the R/R, who knows.  At least it mentions an R/R on the record.  The change in sights could have happened prior as a lot of dealers tend to do, they are less problematic.   

Chris

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January 17, 2025 - 8:42 pm
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Interesting… I previously had a 1901 Sporting Rifle (26″ round barrel) and a 1907 Take Down (26″ octagon barrel) and neither rifle had the “94” stamped on the underside of the barrel, and both were marked “30 WCF” on the top and bottom sides of the barrel.

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January 17, 2025 - 10:46 pm
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1892takedown said

Bert H. said

Don,

I have not ever (yet) encountered an early production Model 1894 with a barrel marked “94” on the underside.  The other stamped markings you mention could easily be replicated. 

The fact that it does not have a caliber marking on the underside of the barrel and no markings to indicate it was an R&R replacement barrel, there are simply too many red flags for me to ever be comfortable describing it as an authentic Winchester Model 1894 rifle.  If is forever destined to be an “excuse” rifle.

Bert

  

Regarding the “94” stamped on the underside of barrels, they are there for as many Ive gone back to reference. 

Regarding the lack of a caliber stamp, it appears prevalent for the 30WCF to not include a caliber stamp on the barrel, but calibers other than 30 WCF are indeed stamped on the underside of the barrel.  Maybe others can confirm on their 30WCF rifles/carbines.

Here are a couple of photos of 30 WCF rifles that lack the caliber stamp. 

The question I have is the “27” or “24” on the OP barrel.  You do see numbers stamped on that portion of the barrel, but they are usually a single digit and commonly rotated 180 degrees. 

I, as others, have had guns that were 100% right but one little piece was recorded wrong or didnt match.  The OP rifle has an R&R recorded, doesnt necessarily mean IMHO it has to have something denoting the R&R change order on the barrel–Ive never seen that unless it was a change by JJP.  But yes, we have seen rifles/carbines with several sets of assembly numbers on the Tang or buttstock, etc., potentially confirming R&R work was done, and confirmed by the letter.  Not saying these are hard and fast statements, just an observation. 

 

M94-155239g.JPGImage EnlargerM94-171433-a.JPGImage Enlarger

 

Regardless, the rifle is a great looking firearm.  Was the barrel changed out under the R/R, who knows.  At least it mentions an R/R on the record.  The change in sights could have happened prior as a lot of dealers tend to do, they are less problematic.   

Chris

  

Hi Chris,

Thank you so much for posting your findings regarding the lack of a caliber stamp on the underside of your 30 WCF 1894 barrels.  In a way, it makes sense since the 30 WCF was the most popular clambering in the 1894, so only stamping the non-30 WCF barrels makes sense from a manufacturing point of view.  With the post of your examples, I’m leaning toward a factory original replacement, especially with the R&R’s noted on the letter.  To further satisfy curiosity, I plan on pulling another forearm or two off other 1894’s chambered I. 30 WCF in my collection and see if they coincide with your observations.  I’ll post photos my findings when I do.  All in all, this has been a very educational discussion and appreciate everyone’s responses and contributions.

Don

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January 17, 2025 - 11:23 pm
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Hi Chris,

Thank you so much for posting your findings regarding the lack of a caliber stamp on the underside of your 30 WCF 1894 barrels.  In a way, it makes sense since the 30 WCF was the most popular clambering in the 1894, so only stamping the non-30 WCF barrels makes sense from a manufacturing point of view.  With the post of your examples, I’m leaning toward a factory original replacement, especially with the R&R’s noted on the letter.  To further satisfy curiosity, I plan on pulling another forearm or two off other 1894’s chambered I. 30 WCF in my collection and see if they coincide with your observations.  I’ll post photos my findings when I do.  All in all, this has been a very educational discussion and appreciate everyone’s responses and contributions.

Don

  

I was just pouring through the photos I have for guns Ive owned or sold, most from many years ago out of curiosity.  Maybe the 30WCF caliber markings show up on some and not others??  But I havent yet come across a non- 30WCF that wasnt marked with a caliber.  I can only speak to what Ive come across.  

I only have 3 30WCF, 3 “short” rifles (2-20″ and 1-24″) rifles remaining and if have time, will pull the forearms from them to see what they show, and post. 

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January 18, 2025 - 12:22 am
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Here are a few 30WCF barrel markings–incidentally, each of these rifle barrels did not have the “94” stamp. 

88153 – TD, PG, Checked, 24″ bbl88153-3.JPGImage Enlarger

 

599080 – TD, 20″ bbl599080-2.JPGImage Enlarger

 

858376 – 20″ BBL858376-2.JPGImage Enlarger

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January 18, 2025 - 1:01 am
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1892takedown said
Here are a few 30WCF barrel markings–incidentally, each of these rifle barrels did not have the “94” stamp. 

88153 – TD, PG, Checked, 24″ bbl88153-3.JPGImage Enlarger

 

599080 – TD, 20″ bbl599080-2.JPGImage Enlarger

 

858376 – 20″ BBL858376-2.JPGImage Enlarger

  

Interesting!!  And no caliber markings on any of those either.  Your theory regarding absent caliber markings on the underside of the barrels chambered in 30 WCF is looking quite valid.  Or at the very least, hit and miss.  That covers quite a spread in the serial number range as well.  Thanks for taking the time and effort to disassemble and post.  This has been a great learning experience.

Don

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January 18, 2025 - 3:17 am
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As a fan of the 1894 and obsolete cartridges I’m hesitant to consider the 30WCF the “default” cartridge for the early 1894. There was no need to mark early 1873’s or 1876’s as the initial production was one and only one cartridge each. As most of us know, the 30WCF, while always identified with the Winchester Model 1894, was not the initial chambering, or even the second. When this rifle was R&R’d the 30WCF may have been the “default” chambering but IMHO it’s anything but a sure thing. For later guns the 30WCF was indeed dominant but the early cartridges were anything but a distant memory at the time of the R&R’s. Then, as now, those “obsolete” cartridges had their loyal followers. I find it interesting a previous owner found the 25-35 not to his liking and elected to upgrade his hunting rifle to the “modern” 30WCF. We can only surmise that many 1894’s were rechambered from 38-55, 32-40 and even 25-35 to the 30WCF. As those records are not available we’ll never know how common this “upgrade” may have been. My fantasy is that someday these repair orders will be found and thousands of “excuse” guns will regain their legitimacy. Folks much smarter than me just smile and nod when I tell them about my wish but we all know some records escaped the company furnace. 

Never say “Never”.

 

Mike

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January 18, 2025 - 3:58 am
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The 30 WCF was never the “default” cartridge chambering for the Model 1894.  The ARMAX survey clearly shows that through serial number 353999, the 30 WCF accounted for just 45.95% of the total production.  That ratio continued through 1913, and then in the year 1914 it became the majority (dominant) caliber.  That stated, in the year 1914 the French ordered 15,100 .30 caliber Carbines, and in 1915, the British ordered at least 5,000 .30 caliber Carbines.

For those who are not familiar with the ARMAX Vol 5, I created the table below from the information published in it.

ARMAX-Caliber-survey.jpgImage Enlarger

 

 

I created this graph using the data in my ongoing research survey covering the years 1907 through 1931 (serial range 354000 – 1079689).

Caliber-survey-bar-chart.jpgImage Enlarger

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January 18, 2025 - 5:30 am
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Bert H. said
The 30 WCF was never the “default” cartridge chambering for the Model 1894.  The ARMAX survey clearly shows that through serial number 353999, the 30 WCF accounted for just 45.95% of the total production.  That ratio continued through 1913, and then in the year 1914 it became the majority (dominant) caliber.  That stated, in the year 1914 the French ordered 15,100 .30 caliber Carbines, and in 1915, the British ordered at least 5,000 .30 caliber Carbines.

For those who are not familiar with the ARMAX Vol 5, I created the table below from the information published in it.

ARMAX-Caliber-survey.jpgImage Enlarger

 

 

I created this graph using the data in my ongoing research survey covering the years 1907 through 1931 (serial range 354000 – 1079689).

Caliber-survey-bar-chart.jpgImage Enlarger

  

Great info Bert.  Still looks like the 30 WCF was king over all other calibers after its introduction.  Interesting to see the evolution of each caliber’s popularity over time.  Thanks for sharing.

Don

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January 18, 2025 - 5:33 am
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Here’s what Bob Renneberg had to say about the under-barrel markings on the model 1894.

P1090682.JPGImage Enlarger

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January 18, 2025 - 5:49 am
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It’s too bad all factory letters aren’t like this one:

P1070229.JPGImage EnlargerP1070230.JPGImage EnlargerP1070232.JPGImage EnlargerP1070234.JPGImage EnlargerP1070235.JPGImage EnlargerP1070236.JPGImage EnlargerP1070238.JPGImage EnlargerP1070239.JPGImage EnlargerP1070242.JPGImage EnlargerP1070243.JPGImage EnlargerP1070245.JPGImage EnlargerP1070247.JPGImage Enlarger

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January 18, 2025 - 10:30 am
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deerhunter said
It’s too bad all factory letters aren’t like this one:

P1070229.JPGImage EnlargerP1070230.JPGImage EnlargerP1070232.JPGImage EnlargerP1070234.JPGImage EnlargerP1070235.JPGImage EnlargerP1070236.JPGImage EnlargerP1070238.JPGImage EnlargerP1070239.JPGImage EnlargerP1070242.JPGImage EnlargerP1070243.JPGImage EnlargerP1070245.JPGImage EnlargerP1070247.JPGImage Enlarger

  

94ltr.JPGImage Enlarger94del1.JPGImage Enlarger94del4.JPGImage Enlarger94del7.JPGImage Enlarger94del5.JPGImage Enlarger94del2.JPGImage Enlarger

Or even more basic like this one with no R&R notation leaving you scratching your head as to what may have been changed or fixed.

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January 18, 2025 - 1:29 pm
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deerhunter said
It’s too bad all factory letters aren’t like this one:

P1070229.JPGImage EnlargerP1070230.JPGImage EnlargerP1070232.JPGImage EnlargerP1070234.JPGImage EnlargerP1070235.JPGImage EnlargerP1070236.JPGImage EnlargerP1070238.JPGImage EnlargerP1070239.JPGImage EnlargerP1070242.JPGImage EnlargerP1070243.JPGImage EnlargerP1070245.JPGImage EnlargerP1070247.JPGImage Enlarger

  

Here’s an interesting letter that I’ve posted before, but since we’re on the topic:

W6062H__651411.jpgImage EnlargerW6062A__059161.jpgImage EnlargerW6062B__911541.jpgImage EnlargerW6062C__820091.jpgImage EnlargerW6062D__580971.jpgImage EnlargerW6062E__021341.jpgImage EnlargerW6062G__065291.jpgImage EnlargerIMG_2900.JPGImage EnlargerIMG_2901.JPGImage Enlarger

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January 18, 2025 - 4:27 pm
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Those above two factory letters are wonderfully informative in describing what was done to the rifles when they were returned.  This makes me wonder why some notations provide such excellent detail while others say no more than, R&R and the date Confused

Was it just the motivation of the employee or?

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