Referring to original 38-55 smokeless loads.

The 38-55 loads need to be separated into three classes;

1. Black Powder – black powder
2. Low-Pressure smokeless powder – “Bulk for Bulk” smokeless powder -Dupont “No. 1” types – pressures below 35,000 lbs and velocities below 1,750fps with jacketed bullets.
3. High-Pressure smokeless powder – “Dense” smokeless powder – Dupont “Lightning” types – pressures above 35,000 to 40,000 lbs and velocities above 1,750fps with jacketed bullets.

Using W.A. .30-cal. smokeless powder in the 38-55 with any barrel could be disastrous, and should only be used in the 30-40 types and the 30-06 types.

The need for “Special Barrels” is only needed for the High-Pressure smokeless loads, per Winchester.

Dated 1899

“Our 38-55 rifle will not be injured when 38-55 smokeless cartridges of our make are used. The bullet will not harm the rifling. Smokeless powder is more difficult to clean than black. Where smokeless powder cartridges are made to take the place of black powder cartridges in guns which were intended for black powder, such smokeless powder is used as will give the same pressures and same velocities as were obtained with black powder in the black powder cartridges intended for the gun originally. We do the best we can to have the combination give the same velocity as before, which it would be difficult to get same accuracy.”

Outdoor Life, April 1915 

“W.A. [W.A. .30-cal.] and Lightning powders contained about 25 per cent…nitroglycerine…”…The presence of nitroglycerine enables us to obtain high velocities with minimum chamber pressures, but the heat of the gases causes serious erosion in the barrels if used at pressures above 35,000 to 40,000 pounds per square inch.” ~Outdoor Life, April 1915 

Marlin Company, 1904

“The company is now arranging a line of their famous repeating rifles, Model 1893, to be known among the trade Grade “B”. These rifles will be in every respect the same as the regular Model 1893 with the exception that the barrels will be made of the highest obtainable grade of soft gun barrel steel instead of their “Special Smokeless Steel”. The intention is to meet the large demand for a high-class, carefully made arm on the part of many shooters who are not sufficiently interested in the smokeless steel barrels to pay for the extra cost. The new line is, of course, not intended for high power smokeless ammunition and its use in this grade is not advised by the makers: only black powder ammunition and equivalent loads such as low power smokeless should be used. The 32-40 and 38-55 sizes only will be made in this grade.”

Yes!

My bet is that the second one is loaded with Dupont No. 1 low-pressure “bulk for bulk” low-pressure powder and the Yellow label is loaded with dense “bulky” Sharpshooter low-pressure smokeless powder.